Published on February 11, 2025
The impact of plastics on the environment, marine and animal life has been long recognized. Yet, their direct damage on human life has not been considered seriously. Plastics have the potential to cause ailments ranging from inflammatory reactions to even cancers.
Plastic Polymers and Chemicals
Plastics contain polymers along with multiple toxic chemicals which are used to improve their properties. When the polymers degrade, they form tiny particles called microplastics and nanoplastics. These enter the body while breathing, through food or the skin. Smaller, irregular shaped particles with sharp edges are particularly damaging. Chemicals added to plastics like bisphenol A (BPA) can leach into the food or drinks from containers. Though many plastics are advertised as BPA free, they still contain other harmful chemicals.
Health Effects of Plastics
Plastic polymers along with their toxic chemicals have several effects on the body. Microplastics and nanoplastics have been found in several organs. Plastic in the body is linked to lung disease, hormonal effects, reduced fertility, heart and nerve disease, and moreover cancers. Plastic also increases the risk of premature births and nerve defects in babies, who are particularly vulnerable. People linked to plastic manufacture or recycling face high exposure to plastic-associated toxins. Those who stay close to these plants are also at risk.
Avoid Harmful Effects of Plastics
The harmful effects of plastics can be avoided by creating awareness about their adverse effects. Heating food in plastic containers should be avoided. The use of alternatives to plastics should be encouraged. Single-use plastics and the burning of plastics should be banned. Workers involved in plastic production and recycling should be protected. Manufacturers should also try to reduce the number of chemicals incorporated in plastics.
Reference:
Landrigan PJ et al. The Minderoo-Monaco Commission on Plastics and Human Health. Annals of Global Health. 2023; 89(1): 23, 1–215. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/aogh.4056
Zurub RE, Cariaco Y, Wade MG and Bainbridge SA (2024) Microplastics exposure: implications for human fertility, pregnancy and child health. Front. Endocrinol. 14:1330396. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1330396
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